References for Essential Principles
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American Red Cross (http://www.redcross.org) |
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Anthrax, Bioterrorism, And Risk Communication: Guidelines For Action (Twenty-Six Recommendations) (http://www.psandman.com/col/part1.htm) The Twenty-Six Recommendations for risk communication about a bioterrorist attack are from the larger article - Anthrax, Bioterrorism, and Risk Communication: Guidelines for Action. Written by Peter M. Sandman and originally published in article form to The Peter Sandman Risk Communication Web Site. |
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Assessing And Communicating The Risks Of Terrorism (FischhoffAAAS.pdf) Baruch Fischhoff's examination of the psychology of risk, risk analysis, and risk communication. Also, looks at special considerations in the domain of terrorism and how these perspectives apply to bioterrorism. |
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Brentwood Anthrax Incident (BrentwoodAnthraxIncident.pdf) |
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Beyond Panic Prevention: Addressing Emotion in Emergency Communication (BeyondPanicPrevention.pdf) A discussion of how to address emotions that may be expressed in emergency situations: outrage, panic, denial, rage, depression, etc. through effective risk communication. Written by Peter M. Sandman for the ERC CDCynergy CD. |
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Bridging (Covello_bridging.pdf) An article by Dr. Vincent T. Covello on the importance of bridging to your key messages in media interactions and a discussion of successful bridging techniques. |
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Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) (http://www.cia.gov) |
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CERC Pocket Card (EmergencyCardA8.pdf) |
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Consider Audience Point of View in Communicating about Crises (ConsiderAudiencePointofViewinCommunicatingaboutCrises.pdf) |
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Department of Agriculture (USDA) (http://www.usda.gov) |
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Department of Defense (DoD) (http://www.dod.gov) |
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Department of Energy (DOE) (http://www.energy.gov) |
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Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) (http://www.hhs.gov) |
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Department of Justice, Office for Domestic Preparedness (http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/odp/) |
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Department of State (http://www.state.gov) |
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Department of the Interior (DOI) (http://www.doi.gov) |
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Department of the Treasury (http://www.treasury.gov) |
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Department of Transportation (DOT) (http://www.dot.gov) |
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Dilemmas in Emergency Communication Policy (Dilemmas.pdf) A discussion of ten dilemmas of emergency communication policy:
Written by Dr. Peter Sandman for the ERC CDCynergy CD. |
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Effective Message Checklist (CKCRIT_messagedevelopment.pdf) |
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Emergency Public Information Pocket Guide (EPIPocketGuide.pdf) |
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Emergency/Crisis/Risk Communication Definitions Communication theorists commonly use terms from many different areas of communication study. EmergencyCrisisRiskCommunicationDefinitions.pdf |
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Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Chemical Emergency Preparedness and Prevention Office (CEPPO) (http://www.epa.gov/ceppo) |
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Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) (http://www.fbi.gov) |
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Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) (http://www.fema.gov) |
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Framework
for Program Evaluation in Public Health
(http://www.cdc.gov/epo/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr4811a1.htm) To view the complete Framework for Program Evaluation in Public Health (September 17, 1999/ 48[RR11];1-40, MMWR) |
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Get Your Information Out Early (GetYourInformationOutEarly.pdf) |
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Identify and Train Spokespeople (IdentifyandTrainSpokespeople.pdf) |
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Managing Perceived Risk vs. Actual Risk in a Crisis (ManagingPerceivedRiskvsActualRiskinaCrisis.pdf) |
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Media Strategy (Media_Strategy.pdf) |
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Message Mapping (Covello_message_mapping.pdf) An article by Dr. Vincent T. Covello on how to develop effective messages using a message map; the article provides guidelines for using message maps and a list of steps for developing a message map. |
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National Domestic Preparedness Office (NDPO) (http://www.fas.org/irp/agency/doj/fbi/ndpo/) |
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National Pharmaceutical Stockpile Communication Needs Assessment (NPSchecklist.pdf) |
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Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) (http://www.nrc.gov) |
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Obvious or Suspected, Here or Elsewhere, Now or Then: Paradigms of Emergency Events (ObviousSuspected.pdf) A discussion of six different emergency event situations, why they are important, how they differ, and what can be done through emergency risk communication to address them. Written by Peter M. Sandman for the ERC CDCynergy CD. |
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Office of Homeland Security (http://www.whitehouse.gov/homeland) |
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Procedures for Evaluating Emergency Risk Communication Activities (evaluation.htm) |
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Providing Basic Background to the Media (ProvidingBasicBackgroundtotheMedia.pdf) |
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Risk Communication: Evolution and Revolution (aCovelloSandmanarticle.pdf) Study of Risk Communication, where it came from and what it is composed of, by Vincent T. Covello and Peter M. Sandman. |
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Six Rules For Government And Press On Terrorism: Undercutting Fear Itself (EP_six_principles.pdf) Six principles to incorporate into reporting of terrorism and into government announcements about terrorism to undercut fear. |
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SMOG Readability Index (SMOG_Readability.pdf) |
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Stakeholder Reaction Assessment Sheet (WKSHEET_stakeholder_reaction.pdf) |
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Stakeholder Reaction Assessment Sheet Sample (SampleStakeholderAssessment.pdf) |
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10 Healthy Psychological Responses to Terrorism (10HealthyPsychologicalResponsestoTerrorism.pdf) |
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Ten Tips for Working with the Media (Media_Slides.pdf) |
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The EPA's Seven Cardinal Rules Of Risk Communication (EPA_Seven_Cardinal_Rules.pdf) Pamphlet drafted by Vincent T. Covello and Frederick W. Allen dealing with seven suggestions to aid in successful risk communication. |
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Tools
for Determining Readability Messages should be written at an understandable
level - preferably at the 6th grade reading level; use one of the following
tools to measure the reading grade level of your messages: Determining Reading Level Using Word (INSTR_Word_Readability.pdf) Determining Reading Level Using WordPerfect (INSTR_Word Perfect_Readability.pdf) Determining Reading Level Manually (INSTR_SMOG_Readability.pdf) |
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Transportation Security Administration (TSA) (http://www.tsa.gov) |
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U.S. National Response Team (NRT) (http://www.nrt.org) |
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Videos |
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Working With the Media Checklist (Media_Checklist.pdf) |