D&D References

Resources & Tools

D&D References
In addition to this page, references are listed in other sections of the DDSC Web site as follows: MARSSIM Clearance of Materials Dose Modeling Survey instrumentation Misc. D&D Guidance
	NCRP Report No. 146, Approaches to Risk Management in Remediation of Radioactively Contaminated Sites (2004) This report identifies and analyzes current guidance and practices used by the U.S. NRC under the License Termination Rule and the EPA under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA, commonly known as Superfund) and the National Oil and Hazardous Substances Pollutions Contingency Plan in the remediation of radioactively contaminated sites. The Report identifies, analyzes and summarizes the significant differences and commonalities in current practices of NRC and EPA, and future implications of current practices as they relate to issues of public perception, uncertainty, measurability, and estimation of radiation dose and risk.
	Decommissioning: Lessons To Learn by John McKeown. June 2003, IAEA Bulletin Vol.45, No. 1. "Sharing experience and working together is important to allow the world nuclear community to respond to the challenge of restoring nuclear facilities safely, and cost effectively."
	Revised Analyses of Decommissioning Reference Non-Fuel-Cycle Facilities, December 2002, NUREG/CR-6477. This NRC NUREG report provided cost information for the conceptual decommissioning of non-fuel-cycle nuclear facilities that represent a significant decommissioning task in terms of decontamination and disposal activities. This study is a re-evaluation of the original study (NUREG/CR-1754 and NUREG/CR-1754, Addendum 1). The reference facilities examined in this study are the same as in the original study and include: a laboratory for the manufacture of 3H-labeled compounds, 14C-labeled compounds, 125I-labeled compounds, 137Cs sealed sources, 241Am sealed sources, and an institutional user laboratory. In addition to the laboratories, three reference sites that require some decommissioning effort were also examined. These sites are: a site with a contaminated drain line and hold-up tank, a site with a contaminated ground surface, and a tailings pile containing uranium and thorium residues.
	Best Practices for Effective Public Involvement in Restricted Use Decommissioning of NRC - Licensed Facilities Cleanup of sites contaminated with radiation can be extremely controversial in the community where the site is located. Such controversy is exacerbated when a licensee proposes restricted use decommissioning rather than cleaning the site to meet unrestricted use guidelines. Public knowledge of the issues and involvement in decision-making is crucial for restricted use proposals.
	U.S, Department of Energy: Environmental Measurements Laboratory - HASL-300 Since 1957, the EML Procedures Manual, HASL-300, has served as a significant resource for scientists throughout the world who collect samples, perform field measurements or analyze samples. The Manual includes sections on Quality Assurance, Sampling Techniques, Radiation Measurements, Analytical Chemistry Procedures, Radionuclide Data, EML Special Facilities, and Specifications for Equipment and Supplies. The 28th edition, released in February 1997, has been revised and updated and is available online.
	U.S. Department of Energy: Environmental Measurements Laboratory - QAP The Environmental Measurements Laboratory administers the Department of Energy's Quality Assessment Program for environmental radiological analysis in support of the National Analytical Management Program of the Office of Environmental Management. The EML QAP is an external, independent, performance evaluation program designed to test the quality of environmental radiological measurements reported by DOE contractor and subcontractor laboratories. The program provides DOE with complex-wide comparability of environmental radiological analyses.
	U.S. Department of Energy: Environmental Measurements Laboratory - C2D2 The Department of Energy Environmental Measurements Laboratory develops and hosts this Web site for the Cleanup Criteria/Decision Document (C2D2) database. A "cleanup criterion" is the maximum concentration of a contaminant allowed to remain in the environment once remediation is complete. Cleanup criteria are influenced by many factors, including state and federal regulations, local site conditions, projected risk, anticipated land use, and community input. The C2D2 database tracks agreed-upon cleanup criteria and related information for DOE installations. It covers approximately 500 separate cleanup areas having contaminated soil, sediment, ground water, structural materials, and other environmental media and is continually being updated. Categories of the 150 contaminants in the database include radionuclides, metals, volatile organic compounds, pesticides, and others. Compliance documents such as Records of Decision are the sources for these data.
	Decommissioning Nuclear Reactors a. "Nuclear Shutdown." Civil Engineering Magazine, April 2001. b. "A Graceful Exit? Decommissioning Nuclear Power Reactors." Environment, July/August 2001.
	The Decommissioning and Dismantling of Nuclear Facilities: Status, Approaches, Challenges This Nuclear Energy Agency report is intended to provide, in non-specialist terminology, a concise overview of the status of D&D of nuclear facilities and associated issues in NEA Member countries. In the context of this report, the term “nuclear facility” includes all facilities associated with the production of nuclear power, from mining of uranium, through fabrication of nuclear fuel, nuclear power plant operation, fuel reprocessing and waste management, including related R&D facilities, and research and demonstration reactors.
	American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) Decommissioning Standard Guides November 2005 data.