Ethics

American Marketing Association. Code of ethics. SOC_ama_suggested_core_reading.pdf

Andreasen, A. & Drumwright, M.E. (2000) Alliances and ethics in social marketing. http://www.social-marketing.org/papers/allianceJan2000.html

Bloom, P.N. & Novelli. W.D. (1981). "Problems and Challenges of Social Marketing." Journal of Marketing 45:79-88.

Brown, W. J., & Singhal, A. (1990). Ethical dilemmas of prosocial television. Communication Quarterly, 38 (3), 268-280.  

DHHS, Office of Human Subjects Research Protections provides information about reviewing research proposals for the ethical treatment of human participants. http://www.hhs.gov/ohrp/

Guttman, N. (1997). Beyond strategic research: A value centered approach to health communication interventions. Communication Theory, 7, 95-124.

Murphy, P.E., Laczniak, G.R., Bowie, N.E., & Thomas A. Klein (2005) Ethical Marketing, Prentice-Hall, Inc. 


Media/press: Media monitoring

Agency of Toxic Substances and Disease Registry For an example of news coverage that stirs public attention, view the website of the Agency of Toxic Substances and Disease Registry to find out more about the health effects of substances in the environment. http://www.atsdr.cdc.gov

Evans D, A Ulasevich, F Stillman, V Viswanathan (2005). Tracking and evaluation of trends in print media. In F. Stillman and W. Trochim (Eds.), Evaluation of Project ASSIST: A Blueprint for State-Level Tobacco Control. National Cancer Institute Press: Bethesda, MD.

Media Audit. Example of a media audit to track the press’ coverage of arthritis: Mash.pdf

Media contact log: DB_Media_log.pdf

Media tracking report Media_Tracking_Report.pdf

News Media Searches.  Use free search engines or hire additional capacity.  Several organizations (e.g., Factiva and Lexis/Nexis) provide media searches for a fee.

  • http://www.factiva.com
  • http://www.lexisnexis.com

Steele, W.R., Mebane, F., Viswanath, K., & Solomon, J. (2005) News media coverage of a women’s health controversy: How newspapers and TV outlets covered a recent debate over screening mammography. Women’s Health, 41, 83-97.

Tracking media: Media_Analysis_Example1.pdf


Media/press: Media relations

CSAP Technical Assistance Bulletin (1994). You Can Increase Your Media Coverage: SOC_Media_Coverage.pdf

Diabetes campaign’s guide to working with the media: DB_mediaguide.pdf

Folic Acid. Media kit from folic acid campaign: Folic_Media_Kit.pdf

Media work plan for immunization campaign - sample: IM_wrk_plan_Mediaand.pdf

Media spokeperson skills: Speaker_Skills.pdf

Media strategy - sample: Media_Strategy.pdf

Sample letter to a newspaper public service director: DB_Hispanic_PSA_Letters.pdf

Sample letter to a newspaper/magazine health editor: DB_AfrA_Family_Reunion_Letter_to_Health_Editor.pdf

Sample media advisory: DB_AfrA_Family_Reunion_Media_Advisory_Template.pdf

Sample local press release: DB_Local_Press_Release.pdf

Talking points. Sample talking points on condom effectiveness and on asbestos:

Template: A letter to the media: DB_Letter_to_Media_Template.pdf

USAID, SOMARC III Project (1995). Practical advertising: Media planning. Washington, DC: The Futures Group. Order from http://www.futuresgroup.com

Media/press: Media channels

Benton Foundation, a website that offers internet-oriented profiles, resources and tools to help you implement your plans for advocacy, building community, creating partnerships, and reaching your audience: http://www.benton.org/publibrary/toolkits/implementation.html

California Department of Health Services (2000), The California Smokers’ Helpline: A Case Study", SOC_HelplineCaseStudy.pdf

Center for Medicare Education (2002), "Setting up a Hotline," SOC_Setting_up_a_Hotline.pdf

National Coalition of Hispanic Health and Human Services Organizations (1996). Theater as a Tool for Prevention: Play-Script.pdf

Video news release proposal and budget: IM_NIIW_VNR_budget.pdf

Media/press: Media examples
The Media Library contains examples of posters, public service announcements, radio spots, and tv spots. Media Library

Monitoring/process evaluation
SEE ALSO: Program management

Bounceback card for PSA tracking – sample. Bounceback_Card.pdf

CDC (1994). Planning and Conducting Street Outreach Process Evaluation: SOC_Outreach.pdf

Elder, J.P., and others (1994). "CATCH: Process evaluation of environmental factors and programs," Health Education Quarterly Supp. 2:S107-S127


Outcome/summative evaluation: Standard evaluation resources
ALSO SEE: Tools for Research function

American Evaluation Association: http://www.eval.org

Broughton, W. (1991). Reporting evaluation results. American Journal of Health Promotion 6(2):138-143.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention:  http://www.cdc.gov/eval/

Cole, G. E., Pogostin, C. L., Westover, B. J., Rios, N. M., and Collier, C. B. (1995). Addressing problems in evaluating health relevant programs through systematic planning and evaluation. Risk: Health, Safety, and Environment, 37, 37-57.

Community Tool Box, University of Kansas: http://ctb.ku.edu

Connell JP, Kubisch AC, Schorr LB, Weiss, CH. (1995) New approaches to evaluating community initiatives. New York, NY: Aspen Institute.

Development Leadership Network & The McAuley Institute.  Success Measures Project.  Practice-based success measures for various community development outcomes (housing, economic, and community-building) http://www.developmentleadership.net/smp/

Fawcett SB, Paine-Andrews A, Francisco VT, Schulz J, Ritchter KP, et al. (1999) Evaluating community initiatives for health and development. In: Rootman I, Goodstadt M, Hyndman B, et al., eds. Evaluating Health Promotion Approaches.  Copenhagen, Denmark: World Health Organization (Euro).

Fawcett SB, Sterling TD, Paine Andrews A, Harris KJ, Francisco VT, et al. (1995) Evaluating community efforts to prevent cardiovascular diseases. Atlanta, GA: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion.

Fetterman, D.  Empowerment evaluation. http://www.stanford.edu/~davidf/ empowermentevaluation.html

Fetterman, D.M., Kaftarian, S.J., & Wandersman, A. (1996) Empowerment evaluation: Knowledge and tools for self-assessment and accountability. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Harvard Family Research Project: http://www.gse.harvard.edu/hfrp/

Innovation Network: http://innonet.org  

Kennedy, M.G., & Abbatangelo, J. (2005) Guidance for evaluating mass communication initiatives: Summary of an expert panel discussion. http://www.cdc.gov/communication/practice/research.htm

Patton, M.Q. (1997) Utilization-focused evaluation. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Rossi, P.H., Freeman, H.E., & Lipsey, M.W. (1999) Evaluation: A systematic approach.  Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.

Shadish, W.R., Cook, T.D., & Leviton, L.C. (1991) Foundations of program evaluation.  Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.

United Way, Outcome Resource Network, http://national.unitedway.org/outcomes/

University of Wisconsin Cooperative Extension:

W.K. Kellogg Foundation: http://www.wkkf.org/default.aspx?tabid=63&ItemID=12&NID=6&LanguageID=0


Outcome/summative evaluation: Evaluation of specific kinds of interventions

Baranowski, T., and others (2000). "Gimme 5 fruit, juice, and vegetables for fun and health: Outcome evaluation," Health Education & Behavior 27(1):96-111.

Burton, et al. (1997) Great Smoke Out evaluation report, MMWR. Effects_ Evaluation_Report.pdf

Carroll, A., Craypo, L., Samuels, S. (2000). Evaluating nutrition and physical activity social marketing campaigns:  A review of the literature for use in community campaigns (pp. 23-26). Davis, CA: Center for Advanced Studies in Nutrition and Social Marketing, University of California, Davis. http://socialmarketing-nutrition.ucdavis.edu/Downloads/SamuelsSMC.pdf

CDC (1995), "Assessing the effectiveness of disease and injury prevention programs: Cost and consequences" MMWR 44(RR-10): Cost_Evaluation.pdf

CDC (1998) "Demonstrating Your Program’s Worth: A Primer on Evaluating for Programs to Prevent Unintentional Injury"

Connell, J.P., A.C. Kubisch, L.B. Schorr, and C.H. Weiss (1995). New Approaches to Evaluating Community Initiatives. New York: Aspen Institute.

Donovan, R. Freedom from Fear evaluation description: http://www.freedomfromfear.wa.gov.au/pubs/camp/ sheet4/content.htm

Grimley, DM, GE Riley, JM Bellis, JO Prochaska (1993)Assessing the Stages of Change and Decision-Making for Contraceptive Use for the Prevention of Pregnancy, Sexually Transmitted Diseases, and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome. Health Education Quarterly 20(4):455-70.

Hausman, A.J., and J. Becker (2000). "Using participatory research to plan evaluation in violence prevention," Health Promotion Practice 1(4), 331-340.

MacDonald, G. et al. (2001) Introduction to Program Evaluation for Comprehensive Tobacco Control Programs. http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/evaluation_manual/contents.htm

McDermott, R.J., and P.D. Sarvela (1999). Health Education Evaluation and Measurement (2nd ed). Madison, WI: WCB/McGraw-Hill.

Myllyluoma, J., and others (2000). Assessing community-wide outcomes of prevention marketing campaigns through telephone surveys," Social Marketing Quarterly 6(1):23-32.


Outcome/summative evaluation: Samples and reports

California Department of Health Services, Local Program Evaluation: Planning Guide, SOC_PlanningGuide.pdf

California Department of Health Services, Tell Your Story: Guidelines for Preparing an Evaluation Report, http://www.dhs.ca.gov/ps/cdic/tcs/documents/ eval/EvaluationReport.pdf

California Department of Health Services, Tips for Writing Outcome Objectives, SOC_Tips_for_writing_outcome_objectives.pdf

California Department of Health Services, Using Case Studies to do Program Evaluation, SOC_Evaluation-Using_case_studies.pdf

Chart of indicators, objectives, respondents, & instrument types for a mammogram promotion program.  Effects_Eval_Components.pdf

Data analysis plan: Data_Analysis_Plan.pdf

Evaluation Relevance Matrix Evaluation Relevance Matrix

Folic Acid Evaluation. Proposal for an evaluation of the folic acid campaign: Eval_Proposal.pdf

Great Smoke Out evaluation report: Effects_ Evaluation_Report.pdf

Indicators, objectives, respondents, and instrument types for measuring exposure and reach in an anti-smoking campaign. Exp_Reach_Eval_Components.pdf

Sample evaluation plan. Evaluation_Plan.pdf

Template for success stories: Community_Success.pdf


Program management
Aaker, D.A. (2001). Strategic Marketing Management (6th ed.). John Wiley & Sons.

CDC, immunization Clinical Assessment Software Application assesses clinic service needs: http://www.cdc.gov/nip/cocasa/ For guidance in interpreting the CASA reports: IM_reading_a_CASA_report_FINAL.pdf

CDC, Project RESPECT counseling protocols for HIV prevention.  SOC_Counseling_Manual.pdf

Center for Medicare Education (2001), "Managing Volunteers," SOC_Managing_Volunteers.pdf

Center for Medicare Education (2002), "Setting up a Hotline," SOC_Setting_up_a_Hotline.pdf

Delivery/implementation components - list. Del_Imp_Eval_Components.pdf

Health Plan Employer Data and Information Set (HEDIS) is a set of standardized performance measures designed to compare the performance of managed health care plans. The performance measures in HEDIS are related to many significant public health issues such as cancer, heart disease, smoking, asthma and diabetes. HEDIS also includes a consumer survey of customer service, access to care and claims possessing. More information on HEDIS can be found at RFP - Sample for a media campaign for tobacco use prevention.

How to operate a community-based clinic: IM_HowtoCBClinic.pdf

HRSA, Continuous Quality Improvement Initiative, accessed at: http://bphc.hrsa.gov/quality/

HRSA/Management Sciences for Health, Manager’s Electronic Resource Center: This website supported by, has a number of tools, checklists, and guidelines to help public health managers, including the Provider’s Guide to Quality and Culture and the Health Manager’s Toolkit. http://erc.msh.org

Implementation plan - Sample: Implementation_Plan.pdf

Kick-off preparation checklist: Preparation_Checklist.pdf

Memorandum of understanding: MOU.pdf

Prevention Marketing Initiative Sacramento Demonstration Site: sample job descriptions:

Program Status Reports - sample:

Request For Proposal (RFP) - Components: SOC_RFPcomponents.pdf

RFP - Sample for a media campaign for tobacco use prevention: SOC_MediaRFP.pdf

RFP - Steps in the process: SOC_RFPProcess.pdf

Timelines - Sample:

Timmreck, T., & Cole, G. (1989). Health services administration skills: An overlooked need of community health education and health promotion, Health Education Feb/March:36-43.

Timmreck, T.C. (1995) Planning, Program Development, and Evaluation. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett Publishers (includes examples of Gantt and PERT charts).


Social marketing: Books/chapters

Andreasen, A.R. (1995). Marketing Social Change: Changing Behavior to Promote Health, Social Development, and the Environment. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.

Donovan, R. & Henley, N. (2003) Social Marketing:  Principles and Practice.  Melbourne, Australia:  IP Publications. 2003.

Fine, S.H. (1981). The Marketing of Ideas and Social Issues. New York: Praeger.

Goldberg, M.E., M. Fishbein and S.E. Middlestadt (Eds) (1997). Social Marketing: Theoretical and Practical Perspectives. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.

Kotler, P., N. Roberto, and N. Lee (2002). Social Marketing: Improving the Quality of Life. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Order from http://www.sagepublications.com

Lefebvre, R.C., and J.A. Flora (1988)."Social Marketing and Public Health Intervention." Health Education Quarterly 15:299-315.

Manoff, R.K. (1986). Social Marketing: New Imperative for Public Health. New York: Praeger.

Novelli, W.D. (1984). "Developing Marketing Programs." In L.W. Frederiksen, L.J. Solomon, and K.A. Brehony (Eds.) Marketing Health Behavior: Principles, Techniques and Applications. New York: Plenum Press.

Philip Kotler, Ned Roberto, Nancy Lee. (2002). Social Marketing:  Improving the Quality of Life.  Thousand Oaks, CA:  Sage Publications.

Siegel, M. & Donner, L. (1998) Marketing Public Health.  Gaithersburg, MD: Aspen Publishers, Inc. 

Walsh, D.C., R.E. Rudd, B.A. Moeykens, T.W. Moloney (1993). Social Marketing for Public Health, Health Affairs 12:104-119.

Weinreich, N.K. (1999) Hands-On Social Marketing:  a step-by-step guide. Thousand Oaks, CA:  Sage Publications.


Social marketing: Journals

Journal of Health Communication
Taylor and Francis
325 Chestnut Street, Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Subscription:  $98.00/year
http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/10810730.html

Social Marketing Quarterly
Taylor and Francis
325 Chestnut Street, Suite 800
Philadelphia, PA 19106
Subscription:  $30.00/year
http://www.tandf.co.uk/journals/titles/15245004.html

Social marketing: Documents (PDFs, journal articles, etc.)

American Journal of Health Behavior. (2000). 24(1). The whole issue is dedicated to social marketing.

Andreasen, Alan R. (2002). Marketing social marketing in the social change marketplace. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, Spring 2002, (21)1, 3-13.

Bloom, P.N. and Novelli. W.D. (1981). Problems and Challenges of Social Marketing. Journal of Marketing 45:79-88.

Eta Sigma Gamma. (2004). The Health Education Monograph Series, 21(1). The whole monograph is dedicated to social marketing.

G. D. Wiebe. (1951). Merchandising commodities and citizenship on television.  Public Opinion Quarterly, 15, 679-691.

Kotler, Philip, and Gerald Zaltman. (1971). Social marketing: An approach to planned behavior change.  Journal of Marketing, 35, 3-12.

Lefebvre, R.C., and J.A. Flora (1988). "Social Marketing and Public Health Intervention." Health Education Quarterly 15:299-315.

Neiger, Brad L., Rosemary Thackeray, Michael D. Barnes and James F. McKenzie. (2003). Postioning social marketing as a planning process for health education.  American Journal of Health Studies, 18, 2/3, 75-81.i

Quinn, G., Albrecht, T., Marshall, R., & Akintobi, T.H. (2005). Thinking like a marketer:  Training for a shift in the mindset of the public health workforce.  Health Promotion Practice, 6(2), 157-163.

Walsh, D.C., R.E. Rudd, B.A. Moeykens, T.W. Moloney (1993). Social Marketing for Public Health, Health Affairs 12:104-119.


Social marketing: Conference

Social Marketing in Public Health Annual Conference
Contact:
Office of Continuing Education
University of South Florida College of Public Health
888-USF-COPH (press “2” for direct link to CE Unit)
Access registration information at:
http://www.cme.hsc.usf.edu/coph/smph/index.html


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